Artigos Originais
Body composition, growth, and physical development in young people aged 11 to 13 old according to the metabolic load capacity model
Conteúdo principal do artigo
Resumo
À medida que os jovens passam pela fase dinâmica do desenvolvimento físico, a sua composição corporal passa por mudanças significativas, marcadas pela interação entre surtos de crescimento, flutuações hormonais e o desenvolvimento de estruturas musculares e ósseas, moldando coletivamente a base para o seu bem-estar geral.
Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo comparar o desenvolvimento físico de acordo com as características da composição corporal do modelo de capacidade de carga, expresso pela relação entre massa magra (MM) e massa gorda (MG).
Métodos: A amostra foi composta por 580 participantes (283 meninas e 297 meninos) com idades entre 11 e 13 anos. As avaliações incluíram altura, índice de massa corporal (IMC), MM total, MG total, densidade mineral óssea do corpo inteiro menos a cabeça (DMOsubtotal) determinada por DXA, velocidade do som na tíbia e rádio medida por ultrassom, maturidade somática por meio da idade do pico de velocidade de crescimento (PVA) e força de preensão avaliada com um dinamômetro. A amostra, separada por sexo, foi dividida em dois grupos de acordo com a relação MM/MG: grupo A com baixa MM/MG e grupo B sem baixa MM/MG (Z-score > -1). Para comparar esses grupos, as variáveis ósseas e a força de preensão foram padronizadas de acordo com o sexo e grupo etário (Z-score) usando a amostra como referência.
Resultados: Em ambos os sexos, o grupo A apresentou um IMC mais elevado, índices de MM e MG mais elevados (p<0.001), uma idade mais precoce para o PVA (p<0.001) e menor resistência óssea tibial (p=0.001), sem diferenças na resistência óssea radial. No grupo A, também foi observada uma altura adulta prevista menor em meninas (p=0.024) e uma maior DMO subtotal em meninos (0.029) em comparação com o grupo B.
Conclusão: Uma menor capacidade/carga metabólica em ambos o sexo está associada a um aumento no IMC e parece comprometer mais os membros inferiores do que os superiores, especialmente na mineralização esquelética, apesar de promover uma maturidade somática mais precoce.
Detalhes do artigo
Este trabalho encontra-se publicado com a Licença Internacional Creative Commons Atribuição 4.0.
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